Problems  have a way of creating solutions in nature in other spheres of life.Networks have a way of repeating it self in many other spheres of our economic/ social/ political  life

There are certain characteristics that networks have- they have nodes that contain assets and information.Also no matter how horizontal you plan them they get to be pyramidical at the end of it all

They also get multilevel but there are hardly ever more than three level. Then they always aspire to be smart!!

Smart grid is the latest of them!

Now think of the Railway network- is it not always aspiring to be smart.?You will say there is indeed three levels of transportation one Passenger train/ other  Express train/ third Superfast one.There is a very great resemblance to smart grid

.Does it not have a demand response system already in place?They have only one communication medium Fiber optic network. It has to deal at all the three levels of communication.

Now Most of the problems that Smart grid will confront could have been already solved in a top end Railway Network.

Is it not worth while to learn from it in building smart grid?Railway networks have been in evolution for  one hundred fifty  years and is a classic example of the Interaction of Pyramids of Politics/Economics/Social etc at every level.How they have done it shows the way to smart grid development!