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As a power market consultant, I typically am surrounded by power price data...historical, forecasted, and forwards.  Every so often when looking at current power price data I take a minute to look back at the data from past projects to see how the markets have changed.  I did that this morning and although we all know that prices had dropped substantially over the last year, the extend to which they dropped was astounding.  I am referring to PJM peak forward prices.

I was updating data for our power plant valuation model with current PJM peak prices for this summer.  In January of 2008, forward prices for PJM June 2009 delivery were about $85/MWh.  By April 2008 they were up to $96, and by June 2008 they were at about $114.  Here we are a half year later and now forwards for the same June 2009 delivery date are just $53!

This decimation in power prices shows a $61 decline since last summer's outlook, or a 53% reduction.

It is important to remember that these massive price changes can and will happen when doing any type of resource planning...and it is important to look back and track how things change over time.

OK, I'm going back into the data and will report back.  My next look will be at off-peak and round-the-clock prices and also fuel prices.  I want to see how implied heat rates and spark spreads have changed over this relatively short period, since those will help round out the picture of the impact on power plant value.  Results to come! 

Jim Letzelter

Jim is an energy consultant at Webb, Scott & Quinn.

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member photo Good job on interesting data James. I, for one, will be eagerly awaiting your later reports. Keep up the good work.

Warren
# Posted By Warren Causey | 1/25/09 12:33 PM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo Good information. I would add that the power markets tend to lock tightly with the natural gas market into a characteristic 'implied heat rate'. We all know how volatile natgas prices have done over the past year!

Implied heat rate equals the ratio of Power/Natgas prices. It is interpreted as the heat rate (/1000) of the generating unit that is expected to be on the margin on average during the period in question. IHRs are not fixed, and tend to drop when natgas prices rise and vice versa. So, in January 2008, the PJM Western Hub June 2009 IHR was 10.6. April ~ 9.1, June 2008 ~ 8.9 and now 11.8. In their State of the Market monthly report, FERC tracks the implied heat rate by day.
http://www.ferc.gov/market-oversight/mkt-electric/...

Incidentally, my own price forecast at RisQuant Energy is $51.56 for June 2009 as of yesterday's closing fuel prices.

James Carson, RisQuant Energy
JBCarson@RisQuant.com
# Posted By James Carson | 1/27/09 3:04 PM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo Mr Carson. It seems you are trying to point out tactfully that absolute pricing is almost meaningless, and a drop in prices does not indicate good or bad things necessarily. $53 power and $5 gas is leaves a decent combined cycle plant with a margin of $15.5. When gas was $12 the same 7500 heat rate plant would have needed $105.5 to make the same spark spread. In my opinion all the technicals are oversimplifications. In my former life as a power trader it amazed me how the technical folks would study graphs and charts then read Firmat's and Platt's and then group into a herd and prove themselves justified by their own group actions. I read the phophecy also since it did effect short term pricing. It appears Mr. Letzelter is of that camp. I can remember in 2000 and 2001 when the forward curves clearly showed that anyone that would build a combined cycle Nat Gas plant would make huge profits. They were essentially gold mines. By the end of 2002 reality set in and the large IPP gambles made by many firms were threatening them with bankruptcy. It was finally realized that it was possible to spec steel (power plant construction). I agree with Mr. Carson Nat Gas and power prices are tightly locked since gas combined cycle power is on the increment. I doubt the heat rate holds up near 12000 since that brings the Nat Gas fired traditional steam plants back in the mix. Of course I am not an expert I haven't traded power since 2003, but it is still an interest of mine. I feel that for February a 7500 heat rate plus $15 with $5 gas is a reasonable price given the economy and the chances of lower than normal loads continuing. If I had a lot generation length I would sell some $53 power. As summer moves closer if the economy remains weak I would expect prices to move to down to 7500 plus $10. But it we get early heat it is anybodies bet. One lesson I did learn if you are going to try to predict the power prices it is best to be gambling with someone else's money.
# Posted By Jerry Watson | 2/10/09 9:00 PM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo << It seems you are trying to point out tactfully that absolute pricing is almost meaningless... >>

Not at all. I was amplifying where Letzelter's left off about fuel prices implied heat rates and spark spreads. I am looking forward to his next piece in which he indicated would examine that. GenMetric, in fact, seems to be built around spark spreads.

Further, absolute pricing matters a lot to the load side. Relative pricing is meaninful mainly to the generation side. Even so, absolute price levels are not inconsequential.

<< In my opinion all the technicals are oversimplifications. >>

That is why we call them 'models'. No model can completely capture reality. The goal is to capture enough so as to make good decisions.

<< In my former life as a power trader it amazed me how the technical folks would study graphs and charts then read Firmat's and Platt's and then group into a herd and prove themselves justified by their own group actions. >>

In my life as a power analyst, I have yet to witness this. For the most part, we do not communicate much.

<< I can remember in 2000 and 2001 when the forward curves clearly showed that anyone that would build a combined cycle Nat Gas plant would make huge profits. They were essentially gold mines. By the end of 2002 reality set in and the large IPP gambles made by many firms were threatening them with bankruptcy. >>

I also remember that well and cautioning clients at the time that the forward curves were not resolving in synch with the daily markets. Also, I remember asking an thirty years experienced grain and grain option trader what 100% implied volatility meant. She thought for a moment, and replied that it meant that the market didn't have a clue what their underlying (power) was worth. She was right.

<< One lesson I did learn if you are going to try to predict the power prices it is best to be gambling with someone else's money. >>

Amen.

JBCarson@RisQuant.com, www.RisQuant.com
# Posted By James Carson | 2/11/09 11:52 AM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo Your right, I stand corrected I showed my bias toward generation. I always worked for generators and IOU then an IPP. Even at the IOU price was very important since all purchased power was a pass through to the ratepayers. We did our best to get as low of a price as possible. Typically it did not have much impact on average price or retail rates but it was still very important. It was part of what we were paid to do. Thanks for correcting me. I will try to keep those blinders off.
# Posted By Jerry Watson | 2/12/09 9:04 PM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo Mr. Watson, I just don't understand your comment:

"In my former life as a power trader it amazed me how the technical folks would study graphs and charts then read Firmat's and Platt's and then group into a herd and prove themselves justified by their own group actions. I read the phophecy also since it did effect short term pricing. It appears Mr. Letzelter is of that camp."

I'm in a camp? I'm in a herd? Which is it--am I a camper or cattle? All I did in this post was state some facts...I didn't take ANY actions let alone GROUP actions. ;-)
# Posted By James Letzelter | 2/26/09 8:09 AM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo At first, I had a similar reaction to Mr. Watson's comment. However, as I think back to my contacts with larger trading ops, analysts often do fall into a groupthink cycle. I have heard some amazingly dumb ideas persist because of this. This also explains why savvy (and scarred) trading and risk managers value outside perspectives.

James Carson, JBCarson@RisQuant.com
# Posted By James Carson | 2/27/09 11:16 AM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
member photo I agree with his comment, except for the part about me being one of 'em!
# Posted By James Letzelter | 3/1/09 1:01 PM | Report This Comment as Foul/Inappropriate
 
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